In cases of unauthorized disclosure, what is a necessary action to determine the effect on national security?

Conducting a damage assessment is essential in cases of unauthorized disclosure because it allows agencies and organizations to evaluate the specific impacts of the breach on national security. This assessment involves analyzing what information was disclosed, how it might be used by adversaries, and the potential consequences for national security interests. Understanding the extent of the damage helps determine appropriate responses, inform future security measures, and provide necessary information to decision-makers.

The other options do not directly address the need to evaluate the impact of the unauthorized disclosure on national security. Initiating immediate public reporting could lead to further breaches or panic without a comprehensive understanding of the situation. Restricting information access is a preventative measure but does not address the already disclosed information's impact. Waiting for official guidance could delay critical responses and remedies when urgent assessments are needed to mitigate threats to national security.